[(1Z)/1U with 8-16 Points;(a) bid good 5-card suit. Suit quality depends on HCP;
 (b) bid a very strong 4-card suit if max HCP;
(-)/?] 2U:raise,6-11 Points and 3+ trumps;
 3U:jump raise,10-12 Points and 4+ trumps;
 Jump2Game:(a) Weak distributional hand with v good trump support;
 (b) Strong HCP and adequate trump support, no slam interest;
 2Y:new suit,9-13 Points, usually denies fit in partner's suit (non-forcing);
 3Y:Jump shift,12-14 Points with good 6-carder;
 1NT:9-12HCP, balanced hand. Implies stops in the unbid suits.Guarantees stop in opp's suit;
 non jump 2NT:11-13HCP, balanced. Implies stops in the unbid suits.Guarantees stop in opp's suit;
 jump2 2NT:13-15HCP, balanced. Implies stops in unbid suits.Guarantees stop in opp's suit;
 3NT:15-16HCP, balanced. Implies stops in unbid suits.
Guarantees stop in opp's suit;
 2Z:cue-bid,Asks pard about strength of his overcall (forcing 1 rnd, invitational).
 O/caller can (a) Bid 2 of own suit = minimum overcall;
 (b) Any other bid = 11+Points;

Note: Responses to 2-level overcall may be made with a weaker hand, since overcaller has indicated a stronger hand.

Pre-empt Bids
[2Z or 3Z weak 2 (except 2C)/3 bids: showing a 6/7- card suit of reasonable quality and 5-11 Points. without a 4-card major ;  Pre-empting is intended to keep the opposition out of the bidding, not one's partner.
 It is better to wait until your partner has passed before pre-empting.

    Note: A 4H or 4S opener is pre-emptive but stronger than an opening 2 or 3 bid and should have good distributional values.
    A double over an opening 4H/4S bid is for takeout but can be passed if you think penalty would be more profitable.
    5C/5D  openers are also pre-emptive, but a double over such a bid is penalty oriented.

Responses to Opening Pre-empt Bids
[3Z Preempt;
(-)/? pass:less 15 points.

[2Z preempt;
(-)/? 2NT:forcing and shows game interest (even if the opps intervene).
 Opener should show a "feature": ie. a suit with Ace or King. With no feature, rebid suit (if very weak) or raise to 3NT. {See also Part 2 Ogust}
 3NT:to play.
 3Z:raise,invitational but not forcing. (See R-O-N-F below);
 3Y:new suit(5+carder),forcing for one round.
 Opener can bid a 4-card minor (headed at least by Q) or bid NT showing 8-11 Points, support partner's suit (if 3 of them or
dblton with honour), rebid own suit (showing minimum 5-8 Points);

Raise Only Non-Forcing (R-O-N-F)
    A method of responding to weak 2 openers which utilises both 2NT and a new suit as forcing responses. Hence, the raise of partner's suit is the only non-forcing response below game.

Unusual NT ( ! ) *
[(1Z or 1NT)/2NT      Unusual NT, and shows at least 5/5 or better in the lower 2 unbid suits.
 It is normally used defensively with a weak hand (8-10 Points in the 2 suits).
(-)/3m] 
[? 4m:strong;
 3Z:cue-bid,control in opp's suit, shows a strong hand (16-18 Points);

[(2C) strong;
2NT the same manner but should have 16-19 Points;

Responses to Unusual 2NT are:
[(1Z)/2NT
(-)/?] 3m:Preference bid;
 4m/5m:Jump preference bid (mostly pre-emptive);
 3Z:cuebid for game or slam invitation;
 3U:another suit (non-forcing);
 3NT: with stops in the other 2 suits and enough entries for the long suits;
 4NT:Blackwood;

    Note 1: Except 3NT, any other NT bid after both opponents have bid and partner has passed, can also be considered as Unusual NT;[(1Z)/-/(2Y)/2NT]?;
    Note 2: If opps have bid and your side hasn't, then 4NT is also Unusual NT, also over a 4H/S preempt opener.

Michaels Cuebid ( ! ) *
    The Michaels Cuebid promises a 2-suited hand.
[(1m)/2m 8+Points showing both majors;

[(1M)/2M 10+Points showing another major and an undisclosed minor;

    Note 1: A response of 2NT over the major suit cuebid asks partner to bid his minor;
    Note 2: In a competitive auction, if 2NT is unavailable, responder can bid 4C (non-forcing) or 4NT (forcing) to locate the minor. 3NT is always to play.
    Note 3: The strength of the Michaels Cuebid follows the same guidelines as used for Unusual NT overcall. It is "shape" rather than HCP that counts and both are defensive bids.
    Note 4: Michaels Cuebid typically shows at least 5/5 shape, but over a minor-suit opening, just 5/4 shape in the majors is permissible so long as the 4-carder is reasonably good.
    Note 5: Novice players may choose to use the Michaels Cuebid overcall for the majors only ("higher-suits cuebid"). ie. When opps have bid 1 of a minor, a cuebid of the minor shows at least 5/5 in the majors;

Balancing Seat Bids
    You are in the balancing seat after a bid (usually an opening bid) followed by 2 passes: you may double for takeout or overcall with a weaker hand than you would in the direct seat. Partner should recognise this and adjust his responses accordingly.
    Note: After 2 passes, as the third (4th by agreement only) seat you may open 1 of a suit with a weaker hand than normal - again, partner should recognise this and adjust his responses accordingly: your rebid will tell him your strength. {see also Part 2 Drury and Reverse Drury}

Balancing Calls-after Opener Followed by 2 Passes
[(1H)/p/(p)/?]
 1S:can be weaker than in direct seat with 5-card suit or good 4-carder;
 1NT :10-15 Points + heart stop;
 2S: 13 Points+, and good 6-card suit;
 X:12+Points support for the unbid suits;
 2NT(!):Unusual NT! or 15-18HCP with good heart stop,balanced if NOT playing Unusual NT;
 2H:strong hand with 2 good suits,void in hearts (or A Heart singleton);
 3NT :to play;

[(1H)/-/(-)/X]
[(-)/1S/(-)/?] 2NT:19+Points with stop in hearts and balanced hand;
  4NT Blackwood asking for Aces;
Note:
[(1H)/-/(2H)/-]
[(-)/? this is also a balancing seat situation, since opps have limited their hands;


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